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What is used in hair relaxers at a higher concentration and pH than in permanent waving?

  1. Ammonium thioglycolate

  2. Sodium hydroxide

  3. Hydrogen peroxide

  4. Keratin solutions

The correct answer is: Ammonium thioglycolate

Ammonium thioglycolate is the active ingredient in hair relaxers that breaks the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to be straightened. It is used at a higher concentration and pH level compared to Sodium Hydroxide, which is typically found in permanent waving products. Hydrogen peroxide and keratin solutions are not typically used in hair relaxers at all. Hydrogen peroxide is generally used to lighten hair while keratin solutions are used for smoothing and strengthening treatments. Therefore, A is the best answer in this context.