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What causes an infectious disease?

  1. Lack of sleep

  2. Pathogenic organisms

  3. Overeating

  4. Excessive exercise

The correct answer is: Pathogenic organisms

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic organisms, also known as infectious agents, which include bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions. These organisms are able to invade and multiply within a host's body, causing harm and disrupting normal bodily functions. Lack of sleep, overeating, and excessive exercise may lead to a weakened immune system, making someone more susceptible to contracting an infectious disease, but they are not direct causes of these diseases.