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What can break disulfide bonds?

  1. Water

  2. Heat

  3. Permanent waves and chemical hair relaxers

  4. Physical force

The correct answer is: Permanent waves and chemical hair relaxers

While all of these factors can potentially damage disulfide bonds, the only option listed that specifically and intentionally breaks these bonds is permanent waves and chemical hair relaxers. Water and heat can indirectly damage disulfide bonds by altering the structure of the hair, but they do not directly break the bonds. Physical force may also cause damage to disulfide bonds, but it is not a method commonly used in hair treatments.